Relief map



RELIEF MAP Filed Feb. 23; 1921 Patented itug. l2, 1924i.

I 'ann-Inn Mar.

Application filed; February 23, 1921.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ALFRED `W. Baenas'rnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul,n in the county of Ramsey and State of h/ilinnesota, have invented a new and useful improvement in Relief Maps, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to relief maps and particularly to the type of map formed with a number of sections adapted to be placed adjoining each other to make a complete map and has for its object to provide a con struction which will conform to they contour of the land which the map represents and which will be 'light in weight having sufficient strength and rigidity to form a substantial structure. i

Another object of the invention is to provide a solid. back with a cushion member mounted thereon for the reception of tac is or pins used in conjunction with the map.

In carrying out the objects of my invention '1 provide one or more map sections, each comprising a metal back pressed into the desired shape to conform tothe contour of the land represented by the map"l and bound with a'meta-l edge. On this metallic backingis mounted a penetrable cushion member being pressed out to fit lthe baclr member over its entire surface.

The full objects and advantages of my in vention will appear in connection withV the detailed description thereof and are particu larly pointed out 4in the claims.

1n the drawings, forming a part of this specification f 1 is a plan view of a portion of a map embodying my invention.

Figi 2 is a section on line QQ-VQ/of Fig; 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail view of a corner of the device shown in Fig. 2.

Fig.y 1 is a bottom view of the parts shown in Fig. 3.

Fig.. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a modification of the invention.

In the ordinary type of relief map the surface of the mapwhich is usually very irregular depending upon the contour of the land which is'represented by the map, is secured'by casting a solid base of plaster of--Paris `or some other suitable plastic material in a` mold previously constructed to conform to the contour ofthe map. On this plaster of Paris base is formed a map which may be made by painting directly on the base or by cementing on paper 4or other body Serial No. 447,268.

member having the map printed thereon. rFhis makes an exceedingly heavy construction which is very brealable.

In my invention, as indicated in Fig. 1, 'I 60 have shown a. number of map sections 10, 11, 12 and 13 placed adjacent each other to form a portion of a complete relief map. Each of the sections 10, 11, 12 and 13 coinprises a rigid bach 141 which is formed to 65 correspond to the contour of the land repre sented and extends completely across the section, being,` bound on its edges by a b andv 15 extending)- completely around the same.

The exact construction of the back 14 can 70 best be seen in Fig. 3. Ainetal backing` lo is first formed by pressing a thin sheet of metal between suitable dies to give the re quired shape to the same, which back is preferably soldered to bands 15 which may 75 be also constructed of metal. Bands 15 are cut to lit the cross section of the map at the intersections of the various section 10, 11, 12 and 13, so that the metal bach 16 and the band 15 which are soldered together, form a sharp corner at 17.

In addition to bach 16 I provide a penetrable body member 18 which has glued to it a surface member 19 both of which are simultaneously placed together in dies similar to those used in forming the back 16. Cushion member 18 may be formed of ar substance having` as a body some form of paper pulp or other suitable material which can be readily bent or pressed into the desired shape without breaking or tearing to pieces. The surface member 19 is preferably formed of a tough paper which is capable of being stretched and compressed in the dies.

After body 18 and the surface member 19 have been properly shaped the same are cemented to the metallic bach 16 with any suitable cement or adhesive. The surface member 19 has printed on it all of the data desired to be shown on the map including mountains, rivers, towns, railroads and section lines, and such other data as is desired to show on the map, making the same appear as indicated at 2O in Figure 1. 105

For making a rigid structure of each map section the band 15 which entends around the edges of said map section and is soldered thereto, is formed at its bottom with a flange Q1 whose edge is rolled over at 22, as H0 is clearly indicated in Fig. 3. These flanges 21 have their corners mitered and soldered 'It hence b together at 23 thus making the entire device one complete rigid structure.

Although a comparatively thin sheet of metal may be used for Athe metal back 16 of the device, when this sheet the same is more or less flimsy and is easily distorted out of its normal form. `When, however, the same has been pressed into the form indicated in Fig. 2 said back no longer tions and have an arch effect upon the structure and make the entire back extremely rigid. Any flexure of the structure is completely prevented when the bands 15 are soldered to said metal back 16 so that in its entirety every map section is fully as rigid as the former type of construction embodying the plaster cast.

In Fig. 5 is shown a 4modification of the invention. form is similar to that shown in Figs. 3 and 4 in having the metal back bound together at its edges with the band 15. The body member mounted on this back, however, may be constructed of a single sheet of some elastic material such as rubber or some rubber composition indicated at 24. The surface of this material has directly printed on it, as indicated at 25, the map features which in the other form of the invention are printed 0n the surface member 19. The body portion 24 is also cemented to the metal back 16.

In using the map it is often insert small pins or tacks 26 in refer to particular locations on the map. Vith either form of my invention this may readily be done by simply pressing the pins or tacks 26 into the cushion member 18 or the body member 24 of the two forms of the invention as clearly indicated. When a paper pulp or similar form of cushion memer is used such as indicated at 18 the gripping effect of said cushion member on the tack is sufiicient so that the tack does not ave to penetrate deeply into the said cushion member to hold the same in place.

ecomes obvious that cushion memoes not necessarily have to be very thick. In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 5 in which a used for desirous to the map to ber 18 d he advantages of my invention are mani.- fest. The map sections can be constructed much cheaper than the plaster of Paris casts. The sections are light in weight and have sufficient rigidity to properly hold the surface of the device in the desired form. Breakage of the sections of the map is absolutely eliminated, and the manipulation of the sections in the use of of metal lies flat handling and the map is clearly expedited. With binding bands soldered to the metal back n sharp corner may be secured on each of the sections, which when placed together adjacent each other provide a smooth surface on the map across the joints of the sections thus preserving the continuity of the map.

With a plaster of Paris cast the corners effect of breaking up the continuity of the surface of the map. This is clearly eliminated in my invention.

n accordance with the patient statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the constriutiml shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set forth within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A relief map comprising a metal back having its surface pressed out to conform to the contour of the l-and represented by the map, a cushion member mounted on said back, covering its entire surface and a surface member mounted on said cushion member having printed on it a map, said cushion member conforming to the surface of the back throughout its entire surface, a metal band extending around the edge of said metal back and soldered thereto and a flange formed on said band extending inwardly from the edge thereof, said flange having an inwardly turned edge.

2. A relief map comprising a metal back having its surface pressed out to conform to the contour of the land represented by the. map, and a body member formed by gluing together a penetrable cushion member and a. surface member having a map printed thereon, said body being pressed to conform to the surface of said back and cemented thereto.

3. A relief map comprising a. metal back aving its surface pressed to conform to the contour of the land represented by the map, a cushion member mounted on said back covering its entire surface and a surface member mounted on said cushion member having back throughout its entire surface.

4. A relief map comprising a. rigid back of uniform thickness and irregular contour, a cushion member completely covering said back and a map secured to said cushion member, said cushion and map conforming in kcontour to said back.

5. A relief map comprising a metal back having its surface pressed out to conform to the contour of the land represented by the 'IlO map, metal band extending around the edge of said metal back having an edge conforming in contour to the cross section of the map at the edge thereof, said band being soldered to the back along said edge, a flange formed on said band issuing therefrom at right angles for forming a base for said back and an inwardly turned edge formed on said base for giving said base a rounded edge.

6. A relief map comprising a rigid back of uniform thickness, a penetrable cushion member secured to said back and a map secured to said cushion member.

7. A relief map comprising a rigid back of uniform thickness throughout, of irregular contour, a penetrable body member secured to said back and a map mounted on said penetrable body member, said pene` trable body and inap conforming in contour to said back.

8. A relief map comprising a rigid back of uniform thickness throughout of irregular contour, a band extending around the edges of said back and secured thereto and an inwardly extending flange formed on said band.

9. A relief map comprising a metal back of irregular contour, a body member consisting of a penetrable material of a thickness in excess of the thickness of said back, adapted to receive land hold a number of said piercing members and a map secured to said body member, said body and map conforming in contour to said back.

ALFRED W. BJGRNSTAD. 

